{"id":1145,"date":"2024-03-14T13:17:12","date_gmt":"2024-03-14T13:17:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/congress.net\/?p=1145"},"modified":"2024-03-14T13:17:23","modified_gmt":"2024-03-14T13:17:23","slug":"herbert-hoover-31o-presidente-de-nosotros","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/american-politics.net\/es\/herbert-hoover-31th-president-of-u-s\/","title":{"rendered":"Herbert Hoover, 31\u00ba presidente de EE.UU."},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Herbert Hoover fue el 31\u00ba presidente de los Estados Unidos<\/strong>, en servicio desde 1929 hasta 1933. Naci\u00f3 el 10 de agosto de 1874 en West Branch, Iowa, y muri\u00f3 el 20 de octubre de 1964 en la ciudad de Nueva York. Hoover, un <a href=\"https:\/\/american-politics.net\/es\/partido-republicano\/\" title=\"El Partido republicano de Estados unidos\">Republicana<\/a>, asumi\u00f3 el cargo justo antes del inicio de la <strong>Gran depresion<\/strong>, que influy\u00f3 mucho en su presidencia.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"744\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/american-politics.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/image-jpeg.webp\" alt=\"Herbert Hoover, 31\u00ba presidente de EE.UU.\" class=\"wp-image-1147\" srcset=\"https:\/\/american-politics.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/image-jpeg.webp 744w, https:\/\/american-politics.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/image-218x300.webp 218w, https:\/\/american-politics.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/image-9x12.webp 9w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 744px) 100vw, 744px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Herbert Hoover, 31\u00ba presidente de EE.UU.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p><strong>Hoover<\/strong> fue un consumado ingeniero de minas y humanitario antes de ingresar a la pol\u00edtica. Obtuvo reconocimiento internacional por sus esfuerzos en ayuda humanitaria durante y despu\u00e9s <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/World_War_I\" title=\"Primera Guerra Mundial\">Primera Guerra Mundial<\/a>, particularmente por su liderazgo en el esfuerzo de ayuda belga, que ten\u00eda como objetivo aliviar la escasez de alimentos en la B\u00e9lgica ocupada por los alemanes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Sin embargo, la presidencia de Hoover se vio empa\u00f1ada por el inicio de la Gran Depresi\u00f3n, que comenz\u00f3 con la ca\u00edda del mercado de valores de 1929. A pesar de sus esfuerzos por abordar la crisis econ\u00f3mica, incluida la promoci\u00f3n del voluntariado y proyectos de obras p\u00fablicas, Hoover no pudo mitigar eficazmente el impacto de la Depresi\u00f3n. . Su administraci\u00f3n enfrent\u00f3 cr\u00edticas por su limitada intervenci\u00f3n en la econom\u00eda, que muchos cre\u00edan que empeoraba la situaci\u00f3n de millones de estadounidenses.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Hoover fue derrotado en las elecciones presidenciales de 1932 por <a href=\"https:\/\/american-politics.net\/es\/franklin-d-roosevelt-32o-presidente-de-nosotros\/\" title=\"Franklin D. Roosevelt, 32\u00ba presidente de EE.UU.\">Franklin D. Roosevelt<\/a>, quien luego implement\u00f3 amplias reformas econ\u00f3micas conocidas como el New Deal para combatir la Depresi\u00f3n. Despu\u00e9s de dejar el cargo, Hoover permaneci\u00f3 activo en la vida p\u00fablica, escribiendo extensamente y asesorando a los presidentes posteriores sobre asuntos econ\u00f3micos. A pesar de los desaf\u00edos que enfrent\u00f3 durante su presidencia, tambi\u00e9n se han reconocido las contribuciones de Hoover a los esfuerzos humanitarios y su posterior labor filantr\u00f3pica.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Pol\u00edticas de Herbert Hoover:<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Las pol\u00edticas de Herbert Hoover durante su presidencia estuvieron influenciadas en gran medida por su creencia en una intervenci\u00f3n gubernamental limitada y su experiencia como ingeniero y humanitario exitoso.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Sin embargo, el inicio de la <strong>La Gran Depresi\u00f3n le oblig\u00f3 a adaptar su enfoque a la pol\u00edtica econ\u00f3mica.<\/strong>, aunque segu\u00eda dudando en aceptar plenamente una intervenci\u00f3n gubernamental amplia. Algunas pol\u00edticas y acciones clave durante la presidencia de Hoover incluyen:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Voluntarismo<\/strong>: Hoover inicialmente abog\u00f3 por el voluntarismo, alentando a las empresas a mantener los salarios y evitar despidos para combatir la recesi\u00f3n econ\u00f3mica. Cre\u00eda que la empresa privada y la iniciativa individual conducir\u00edan a la recuperaci\u00f3n econ\u00f3mica.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Proyectos de Obra P\u00fablica<\/strong>: Hoover apoy\u00f3 proyectos de obras p\u00fablicas para estimular la actividad econ\u00f3mica y crear empleos. Su administraci\u00f3n inici\u00f3 algunos proyectos de infraestructura, como la presa Hoover, pero estos esfuerzos fueron limitados en comparaci\u00f3n con la escala de programas posteriores del New Deal.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Tarifas<\/strong>: Hoover firm\u00f3 la Ley Arancelaria Smoot-Hawley en 1930, que elev\u00f3 los aranceles sobre miles de productos importados. El arancel ten\u00eda como objetivo proteger las industrias estadounidenses, pero result\u00f3 en aranceles de represalia por parte de otros pa\u00edses y exacerb\u00f3 la Depresi\u00f3n al reducir el comercio internacional.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Reserva Federal<\/strong>: Hoover presion\u00f3 a la Reserva Federal para que tomara medidas para estabilizar el sistema bancario y proporcionar liquidez a los bancos en dificultades. Sin embargo, sus esfuerzos fueron insuficientes para evitar quiebras bancarias generalizadas y el colapso del sistema bancario.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Pol\u00edtica agr\u00edcola<\/strong>: Hoover apoy\u00f3 medidas para ayudar a los agricultores en dificultades, incluida la Ley de Comercializaci\u00f3n Agr\u00edcola de 1929, que ten\u00eda como objetivo estabilizar los precios agr\u00edcolas mediante la intervenci\u00f3n del gobierno. Sin embargo, estos esfuerzos fueron en gran medida ineficaces para abordar la crisis agr\u00edcola.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Corporaci\u00f3n Financiera de Reconstrucci\u00f3n (RFC)<\/strong>: Hoover estableci\u00f3 el RFC en 1932 para otorgar pr\u00e9stamos a bancos, ferrocarriles y otras empresas en un intento de estimular la recuperaci\u00f3n econ\u00f3mica. Si bien el RFC brind\u00f3 cierto alivio, fue criticado por no hacer lo suficiente para abordar las causas subyacentes de la Depresi\u00f3n.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>En general, las pol\u00edticas de Hoover durante el <strong>Gran depresion<\/strong> se caracterizaron por una creencia en el voluntarismo y una intervenci\u00f3n gubernamental limitada, que result\u00f3 insuficiente para abordar la gravedad de la crisis econ\u00f3mica. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Su renuencia a llevar a cabo una intervenci\u00f3n m\u00e1s agresiva allan\u00f3 el camino para los programas New Deal de Franklin D. Roosevelt, que representaron una expansi\u00f3n m\u00e1s significativa de la participaci\u00f3n del gobierno en la econom\u00eda.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Herbert Hoover was the 31st President of the United States, serving from 1929 to 1933. He was born on August 10, 1874, in West Branch, Iowa, and died on October 20, 1964, in New York City. Hoover, a Republican, assumed office just before the onset of the Great Depression, which heavily influenced his presidency. Hoover [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1145","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-presidents-of-united-states"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO Pro 4.9.8 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Herbert Hoover was the 31st President of the U.S., from 1929 to 1933. 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