{"id":5,"date":"2022-03-10T07:47:12","date_gmt":"2022-03-10T07:47:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/congress.net\/?page_id=5"},"modified":"2025-04-08T14:10:36","modified_gmt":"2025-04-08T14:10:36","slug":"politique-americaine","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/american-politics.net\/fr\/","title":{"rendered":"Syst\u00e8me politique am\u00e9ricain\u00a0: branches, partis et \u00e9lections"},"content":{"rendered":"<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Derni\u00e8res nouvelles<\/h3>\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-latest-posts__list is-grid columns-2 has-dates is-style-default wp-block-latest-posts\"><li><a class=\"wp-block-latest-posts__post-title\" href=\"https:\/\/american-politics.net\/fr\/how-trump-transformed-the-tea-party-movement\/\">Comment Trump a transform\u00e9 le mouvement Tea Party<\/a><time datetime=\"2026-05-13T11:52:07+00:00\" class=\"wp-block-latest-posts__post-date\">13 mai 2026<\/time><div class=\"wp-block-latest-posts__post-excerpt\">Trump a transform\u00e9 le Tea Party en sa propre base MAGA.<\/div><\/li>\n<li><a class=\"wp-block-latest-posts__post-title\" href=\"https:\/\/american-politics.net\/fr\/us-influence-on-global-geostrategy-ahead-of-2026\/\">L\u2019influence des \u00c9tats-Unis sur la g\u00e9ostrat\u00e9gie mondiale \u00e0 l\u2019horizon 2026<\/a><time datetime=\"2026-05-12T11:51:18+00:00\" class=\"wp-block-latest-posts__post-date\">12 mai 2026<\/time><div class=\"wp-block-latest-posts__post-excerpt\">Comment les \u00c9tats-Unis fa\u00e7onnent la g\u00e9ostrat\u00e9gie mondiale \u00e0 l&#039;horizon 2026.<\/div><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Caract\u00e9ristiques du gouvernement am\u00e9ricain<\/h3>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-rss-template-container\" data-wpra-template=\"default\" data-template-ctx=\"W10=\">\n    <div class=\"wp-rss-aggregator wpra-list-template\" data-page=\"1\">\n    \n    \n<ul class=\"wpra-item-list rss-aggregator wpra-item-list--bullets wpra-item-list--default\"\n    start=\"1\">\n                        <li class=\"wpra-item feed-item\">\n            \n            \n\n    <a  href=\"https:\/\/www.govinfo.gov\/features\/flag-day-2026\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"\">Journ\u00e9e du drapeau 2026<\/a>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wprss-feed-meta\">\n            <span class=\"feed-source\">\n            Source:\n\n                            Congressional Features- New on govinfo\n                    <\/span>\n    \n            <span class=\"feed-date\">\n            Publi\u00e9 le 12 juin 2026\n        <\/span>\n    \n    <\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n            \n        <\/li>\n                    <li class=\"wpra-item feed-item\">\n            \n            \n\n    <a  href=\"https:\/\/www.govinfo.gov\/features\/ocean-month-2026\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"\">Mois national des oc\u00e9ans 2026<\/a>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wprss-feed-meta\">\n            <span class=\"feed-source\">\n            Source:\n\n                            Congressional Features- New on govinfo\n                    <\/span>\n    \n            <span class=\"feed-date\">\n            Publi\u00e9 le 10 juin 2026\n        <\/span>\n    \n    <\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n            \n        <\/li>\n                    <li class=\"wpra-item feed-item\">\n            \n            \n\n    <a  href=\"https:\/\/www.govinfo.gov\/features\/memorial-day-2026\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"\">Jour du Souvenir 2026<\/a>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wprss-feed-meta\">\n            <span class=\"feed-source\">\n            Source:\n\n                            Congressional Features- New on govinfo\n                    <\/span>\n    \n            <span class=\"feed-date\">\n            Publi\u00e9 le 21 mai 2026\n        <\/span>\n    \n    <\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n            \n        <\/li>\n                    <li class=\"wpra-item feed-item\">\n            \n            \n\n    <a  href=\"https:\/\/www.govinfo.gov\/features\/armed-forces-day-2026\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"\">Journ\u00e9e des forces arm\u00e9es 2026<\/a>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wprss-feed-meta\">\n            <span class=\"feed-source\">\n            Source:\n\n                            Congressional Features- New on govinfo\n                    <\/span>\n    \n            <span class=\"feed-date\">\n            Publi\u00e9 le 15 mai 2026\n        <\/span>\n    \n    <\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n            \n        <\/li>\n                    <li class=\"wpra-item feed-item\">\n            \n            \n\n    <a  href=\"https:\/\/www.govinfo.gov\/features\/america-250\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"\">250e anniversaire de l&#039;Am\u00e9rique<\/a>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wprss-feed-meta\">\n            <span class=\"feed-source\">\n            Source:\n\n                            Congressional Features- New on govinfo\n                    <\/span>\n    \n            <span class=\"feed-date\">\n            Publi\u00e9 le 14 mai 2026\n        <\/span>\n    \n    <\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n            \n        <\/li>\n                    <li class=\"wpra-item feed-item\">\n            \n            \n\n    <a  href=\"https:\/\/www.govinfo.gov\/features\/congressionally-mandated-reports-doubles\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"\">Le GPO double le nombre de rapports exig\u00e9s par le Congr\u00e8s sur GovInfo<\/a>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wprss-feed-meta\">\n            <span class=\"feed-source\">\n            Source:\n\n                            Congressional Features- New on govinfo\n                    <\/span>\n    \n            <span class=\"feed-date\">\n            Publi\u00e9 le 13 mai 2026\n        <\/span>\n    \n    <\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n            \n        <\/li>\n        <\/ul>\n\n        \n<\/div>\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Que savez-vous de la politique am\u00e9ricaine ?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Le <strong>pouvoir politique<\/strong> dans le <strong>\u00c9tats-Unis<\/strong> est bas\u00e9 sur la Constitution de 1787, qui \u00e9tablit une r\u00e9publique f\u00e9d\u00e9rale avec un syst\u00e8me pr\u00e9sidentiel.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Le <strong>le gouvernement f\u00e9d\u00e9ral est divis\u00e9 en trois branches<\/strong>: le <strong>ex\u00e9cutif<\/strong>, dirig\u00e9 par le pr\u00e9sident ; le <strong>l\u00e9gislatif<\/strong>, compos\u00e9 de la <a href=\"https:\/\/american-politics.net\/fr\/\" title=\"Congr\u00e8s des \u00c9tats-Unis\">Congr\u00e8s <\/a>(<a href=\"https:\/\/american-politics.net\/fr\/membres-et-dirigeants-du-congres-americain\/\" title=\"Membres et dirigeants du Congr\u00e8s am\u00e9ricain\">S\u00e9nat et Chambre des repr\u00e9sentants<\/a>); et le <strong>judiciaire<\/strong>, compos\u00e9 de la Cour supr\u00eame et d\u2019autres tribunaux. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Chaque branche a des fonctions sp\u00e9cifiques et des freins et contrepoids par rapport aux autres. <strong>le gouvernement f\u00e9d\u00e9ral partage \u00e9galement les pouvoirs avec les gouvernements des 50 \u00c9tats<\/strong> qui forment l\u2019Union, chacun avec sa propre constitution, son gouverneur et sa l\u00e9gislature.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\" style=\"margin-right:0;margin-left:0\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/american-politics.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/branches.png\" alt=\"Filiales des \u00c9tats-Unis\" class=\"wp-image-6360\" srcset=\"https:\/\/american-politics.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/branches.png 1024w, https:\/\/american-politics.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/branches-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/american-politics.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/branches-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/american-politics.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/branches-768x768.png 768w, https:\/\/american-politics.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/branches-12x12.png 12w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Le pouvoir politique aux \u00c9tats-Unis<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<div style=\"height:20px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:20px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center has-x-large-font-size\" style=\"margin-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40);margin-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40);margin-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40);margin-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40);padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20)\">Filiales des \u00c9tats-Unis<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns alignwide has-base-background-color has-text-color has-background tw-cols-stack-md is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-abceabcf wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\" style=\"color:#000000\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-medium tw-sm-hidden\"><a href=\"https:\/\/american-politics.net\/fr\/pouvoir-legislatif-americain\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/american-politics.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/US-Capitol-300x300.jpeg\" alt=\"Le Capitole des \u00c9tats-Unis\" class=\"wp-image-108\"\/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Le Capitole des \u00c9tats-Unis<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"font-size:22px;font-style:normal;font-weight:400;line-height:1.3\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/american-politics.net\/fr\/pouvoir-legislatif-americain\/\" title=\"POUVOIR L\u00c9GISLATIF\">POUVOIR L\u00c9GISLATIF<\/a><\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Le <strong>Congr\u00e8s des \u00c9tats-Unis<\/strong> est compos\u00e9 de la <strong>Chambre des repr\u00e9sentants et S\u00e9nat<\/strong>Le Congr\u00e8s se r\u00e9unit au Capitole des \u00c9tats-Unis \u00e0 Washington, DC<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-medium tw-sm-hidden\"><a href=\"https:\/\/american-politics.net\/fr\/pouvoir-executif-des-etats-unis\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/american-politics.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/US-white-house-300x300.jpeg\" alt=\"La Maison Blanche\" class=\"wp-image-109\" srcset=\"https:\/\/american-politics.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/US-white-house-300x300.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/american-politics.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/US-white-house-150x150.jpeg 150w, https:\/\/american-politics.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/US-white-house-768x768.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/american-politics.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/US-white-house.jpeg 1024w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">La Maison Blanche<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"font-size:22px;font-style:normal;font-weight:400;line-height:1.3\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/american-politics.net\/fr\/pouvoir-executif-des-etats-unis\/\" title=\"Pouvoir ex\u00e9cutif des \u00c9tats-Unis\">DIRECTION EX\u00c9CUTIVE<\/a><\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Se compose de la <strong>Le pr\u00e9sident, ses conseillers et divers minist\u00e8res et organismes<\/strong>Cette branche est charg\u00e9e de faire respecter les lois du pays.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-medium tw-sm-hidden\"><a href=\"https:\/\/american-politics.net\/fr\/pouvoir-judiciaire-des-etats-unis\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/american-politics.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/image-6-300x300.jpeg\" alt=\"La Cour supr\u00eame\" class=\"wp-image-394\" srcset=\"https:\/\/american-politics.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/image-6-300x300.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/american-politics.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/image-6-150x150.jpeg 150w, https:\/\/american-politics.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/image-6-768x768.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/american-politics.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/image-6.jpeg 1024w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">La Cour supr\u00eame<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"font-size:22px;font-style:normal;font-weight:400;line-height:1.3\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/american-politics.net\/fr\/pouvoir-judiciaire-des-etats-unis\/\" title=\"Pouvoir judiciaire des \u00c9tats-Unis\">POUVOIR JUDICIAIRE<\/a><\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>La Cour supr\u00eame des \u00c9tats-Unis est la <strong>le tribunal le plus \u00e9lev\u00e9 du pays et la seule partie du syst\u00e8me judiciaire f\u00e9d\u00e9ral<\/strong> sp\u00e9cifiquement exig\u00e9 par la Constitution.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center has-x-large-font-size\" style=\"margin-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40);margin-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40);margin-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40);margin-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40);padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20)\">Principaux partis politiques<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Le <strong>principaux partis politiques<\/strong> des \u00c9tats-Unis sont les <strong>Parti d\u00e9mocrate<\/strong> et le <strong>Parti r\u00e9publicain<\/strong>, qui dominent la sc\u00e8ne politique nationale depuis plus d\u2019un si\u00e8cle. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Les \u00e9lections pr\u00e9sidentielles ont lieu tous les quatre ans au scrutin indirect par un coll\u00e8ge \u00e9lectoral. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Les citoyens des \u00c9tats-Unis \u00e2g\u00e9s de 18 ans ou plus ont le droit de vote, \u00e0 l\u2019exception de quelques exceptions. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns alignwide has-base-background-color has-text-color has-background tw-cols-stack-md is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-abceabcf wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\" style=\"color:#000000\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized tw-sm-hidden\"><a href=\"https:\/\/american-politics.net\/fr\/parti-democratique\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"188\" height=\"188\" src=\"https:\/\/american-politics.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/image.png\" alt=\"Parti d\u00e9mocrate \" class=\"wp-image-177\" style=\"height:200px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/american-politics.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/image.png 188w, https:\/\/american-politics.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/image-150x150.png 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 188px) 100vw, 188px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"font-size:22px;font-style:normal;font-weight:400;line-height:1.3\"><a href=\"https:\/\/american-politics.net\/fr\/parti-democratique\/\" title=\"Parti d\u00e9mocrate des \u00c9tats-Unis\">Parti d\u00e9mocrate<\/a> <\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>C&#039;\u00e9tait <strong>fond\u00e9e en 1828<\/strong>, principalement par <strong>Martin Van Buren<\/strong>, qui a rassembl\u00e9 des politiciens de chaque \u00c9tat derri\u00e8re un h\u00e9ros de guerre <strong>Andrew Jackson<\/strong>Cela en fait sans doute le plus ancien parti politique actif au monde.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized tw-sm-hidden\"><a href=\"https:\/\/american-politics.net\/fr\/parti-republicain\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"227\" height=\"227\" src=\"https:\/\/american-politics.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/image-1.png\" alt=\"Parti r\u00e9publicain\" class=\"wp-image-188\" style=\"height:200px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/american-politics.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/image-1.png 227w, https:\/\/american-politics.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/image-1-150x150.png 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 227px) 100vw, 227px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"font-size:22px;font-style:normal;font-weight:400;line-height:1.3\"><a href=\"https:\/\/american-politics.net\/fr\/parti-republicain\/\" title=\"Parti r\u00e9publicain des \u00c9tats-Unis\">Parti r\u00e9publicain<\/a><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00c9galement connu sous le nom de GOP (Grand Old Party), \u00e9tait <strong>fond\u00e9e en 1854<\/strong> par <strong>anti-esclavagiste <\/strong> qui s&#039;opposait \u00e0 la loi Kansas-Nebraska, qui permettait l&#039;expansion potentielle de l&#039;esclavage dans les territoires de l&#039;Ouest.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-medium is-resized tw-sm-hidden\"><a href=\"https:\/\/american-politics.net\/fr\/tiers-des-etats-unis\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/american-politics.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/third-party-300x300.png\" alt=\"Tierces parties\" class=\"wp-image-141\" style=\"height:200px\"\/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"font-size:22px;font-style:normal;font-weight:400;line-height:1.3\"><a href=\"https:\/\/american-politics.net\/fr\/tiers-des-etats-unis\/\" title=\"Tierces parties des \u00c9tats-Unis\">Tierces parties<\/a><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>1- <strong>Parti libertaire<\/strong>:Reconnu dans 39 \u00c9tats.<br>2- <strong>Parti vert<\/strong>:Reconnu dans 27 \u00c9tats.<br>3- <strong>Parti de la Constitution<\/strong>:Reconnu dans 15 \u00c9tats.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Pour amplifier l\u2019information :<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Politics_of_the_United_States\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">1. fr.wikipedia.org<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.loc.gov\/classroom-materials\/elections\/presidential-election-process\/political-parties\/#:~:text=Today%2C%20America%20is%20a%20multi,candidates%20in%20a%20presidential%20election.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">2. Biblioth\u00e8que du Congr\u00e8s<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>D\u00e9couvrez la structure du syst\u00e8me politique am\u00e9ricain\u00a0: apprenez-en davantage sur les trois pouvoirs de l\u2019\u00c9tat, les principaux partis politiques et le processus \u00e9lectoral.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-5","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO Pro 4.9.8 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"The political power in the United States is based on the Constitution of 1787, which establishes a federal republic with a presidential system.\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"max-image-preview:large\" \/>\n\t<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/american-politics.net\/fr\/\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"generator\" content=\"All in One SEO Pro (AIOSEO) 4.9.8\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"AMerican-POlitics.NET - 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