{"id":407,"date":"2023-10-16T08:47:51","date_gmt":"2023-10-16T08:47:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/congress.net\/?p=407"},"modified":"2023-10-16T09:01:19","modified_gmt":"2023-10-16T09:01:19","slug":"george-w-bush-43e-president-des-etats-unis","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/american-politics.net\/fr\/george-w-bush-43th-president-of-the-us\/","title":{"rendered":"George W. Bush, 43e pr\u00e9sident des \u00c9tats-Unis"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>George W. Bush<\/strong> Il a \u00e9t\u00e9 le 43e pr\u00e9sident des \u00c9tats-Unis de 2001 \u00e0 2009. <\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"505\" height=\"640\" src=\"https:\/\/american-politics.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/image-7.jpeg\" alt=\"George W. Bush, 43e pr\u00e9sident des \u00c9tats-Unis\" class=\"wp-image-411\" srcset=\"https:\/\/american-politics.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/image-7.jpeg 505w, https:\/\/american-politics.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/image-7-237x300.jpeg 237w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 505px) 100vw, 505px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Le pr\u00e9sident Bush pose pour son portrait officiel dans la salle Roosevelt. (Cravate bleue) Portrait officiel du pr\u00e9sident George W. Bush 2003-01-14 Eric Draper<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p>Il est le fils de George HW Bush, le 41e pr\u00e9sident, et le fr\u00e8re de Jeb Bush, l&#039;ancien gouverneur de Floride. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Il est membre de la <a href=\"https:\/\/american-politics.net\/fr\/parti-republicain\/\" title=\"Parti r\u00e9publicain des \u00c9tats-Unis\">Parti r\u00e9publicain<\/a> et un leader conservateur. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Il est connu pour sa r\u00e9ponse aux attentats terroristes du 11 septembre 2001, son invasion de l\u2019Irak en 2003 et ses politiques \u00e9conomiques qui ont conduit \u00e0 la Grande R\u00e9cession de 2008. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Il est \u00e9galement un peintre passionn\u00e9 et a publi\u00e9 plusieurs livres de ses \u0153uvres.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Quelques informations compl\u00e9mentaires sur <strong>George W. Bush<\/strong> sont:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Il est n\u00e9 le 6 juillet 1946 \u00e0 New Haven, Connecticut.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Il est dipl\u00f4m\u00e9 de l&#039;Universit\u00e9 de Yale en 1968 et de la Harvard Business School en 1975.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Il a \u00e9pous\u00e9 Laura Welch en 1977 et ils ont des filles jumelles, Barbara et Jenna.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Il a servi comme pilote dans la Garde nationale a\u00e9rienne du Texas de 1968 \u00e0 1974.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Il a \u00e9t\u00e9 gouverneur du Texas de 1995 \u00e0 2000.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Il a remport\u00e9 l&#039;\u00e9lection pr\u00e9sidentielle de 2000 contre Al Gore lors d&#039;un recomptage controvers\u00e9 des voix en Floride.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Il a lanc\u00e9 la guerre contre le terrorisme apr\u00e8s les attentats du 11 septembre et a autoris\u00e9 le recours \u00e0 la torture et aux \u00e9coutes t\u00e9l\u00e9phoniques sans mandat sur les terroristes pr\u00e9sum\u00e9s.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Il a lanc\u00e9 la guerre en Irak en 2003 sur la base de fausses all\u00e9gations d&#039;armes de destruction massive et de liens avec Al-Qa\u00efda.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Il a sign\u00e9 le Patriot Act, le No Child Left Behind Act, le Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement, and Modernization Act et le Troubled Asset Relief Program.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Il a \u00e9t\u00e9 largement critiqu\u00e9 pour sa gestion de l&#039;ouragan Katrina en 2005, qui a caus\u00e9 de graves d\u00e9g\u00e2ts et des d\u00e9c\u00e8s \u00e0 la Nouvelle-Orl\u00e9ans et dans d&#039;autres parties de la c\u00f4te du Golfe.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Il a quitt\u00e9 ses fonctions en 2009 avec une faible cote de popularit\u00e9 et un h\u00e9ritage de guerre, de dette et de r\u00e9cession.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Il se consacre depuis \u00e0 des causes humanitaires, telles que la lutte contre le sida en Afrique, le soutien aux anciens combattants et la promotion de la d\u00e9mocratie.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Il a \u00e9galement poursuivi sa passion pour la peinture et a expos\u00e9 ses portraits de dirigeants mondiaux, de guerriers bless\u00e9s et d\u2019immigrants.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>La politique de George W. Bush<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Il a mis en place des politiques importantes qui ont eu des r\u00e9percussions sur l&#039;\u00e9conomie, les soins de sant\u00e9, l&#039;\u00e9ducation, les affaires \u00e9trang\u00e8res et la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 nationale. Parmi ses principales politiques, on peut citer :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>R\u00e9ductions d&#039;imp\u00f4ts<\/strong>:Il a sign\u00e9 deux importantes lois d&#039;all\u00e8gement fiscal en 2001 et 2003 qui ont r\u00e9duit les taux d&#039;imp\u00f4t sur le revenu, les taux d&#039;imp\u00f4t sur les plus-values et les taux d&#039;imp\u00f4t sur les successions pour la plupart des Am\u00e9ricains. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thebalancemoney.com\/bush-administration-economic-policies-3305556\">Il a affirm\u00e9 que ces r\u00e9ductions d\u2019imp\u00f4ts stimuleraient la croissance \u00e9conomique et cr\u00e9eraient des emplois.<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thebalancemoney.com\/bush-administration-economic-policies-3305556\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><sup>1<\/sup><\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Programme de m\u00e9dicaments sur ordonnance de Medicare<\/strong>:Il a \u00e9largi la couverture Medicare pour inclure une prestation volontaire de m\u00e9dicaments sur ordonnance pour les personnes \u00e2g\u00e9es, connue sous le nom de Medicare Part D. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thebalancemoney.com\/bush-administration-economic-policies-3305556\">Le programme a \u00e9t\u00e9 critiqu\u00e9 pour son co\u00fbt \u00e9lev\u00e9, sa conception complexe et son manque de pouvoir de n\u00e9gociation avec les soci\u00e9t\u00e9s pharmaceutiques.<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thebalancemoney.com\/bush-administration-economic-policies-3305556\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><sup>1<\/sup><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov\/infocus\/bushrecord\/documents\/Policies_of_the_Bush_Administration.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><sup>2<\/sup><\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Guerre contre le terrorisme<\/strong>:Il a lanc\u00e9 une campagne mondiale contre le terrorisme apr\u00e8s les attentats du 11 septembre, qui ont fait pr\u00e8s de 3 000 morts sur le sol am\u00e9ricain. Il a envahi l&#039;Afghanistan en 2001 pour renverser le r\u00e9gime taliban et traquer le chef d&#039;Al-Qa\u00efda Oussama Ben Laden. Il a \u00e9galement envahi l&#039;Irak en 2003 sur la base de fausses all\u00e9gations d&#039;armes de destruction massive et de liens avec Al-Qa\u00efda. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thebalancemoney.com\/bush-administration-economic-policies-3305556\">Il a d\u00fb faire face \u00e0 une opposition g\u00e9n\u00e9ralis\u00e9e et \u00e0 des critiques pour sa gestion des guerres, qui ont entra\u00een\u00e9 des milliers de victimes, des violations des droits de l&#039;homme et une instabilit\u00e9 dans la r\u00e9gion.<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thebalancemoney.com\/bush-administration-economic-policies-3305556\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><sup>1<\/sup><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov\/infocus\/bushrecord\/documents\/Policies_of_the_Bush_Administration.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><sup>2<\/sup><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Political_positions_of_George_W._Bush\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><sup>3<\/sup><\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Loi \u00ab Aucun enfant laiss\u00e9 de c\u00f4t\u00e9 \u00bb<\/strong>:Il a sign\u00e9 en 2002 une loi bipartite de r\u00e9forme de l&#039;\u00e9ducation qui visait \u00e0 am\u00e9liorer la r\u00e9ussite des \u00e9l\u00e8ves et \u00e0 combler l&#039;\u00e9cart de r\u00e9ussite entre les diff\u00e9rents groupes d&#039;\u00e9l\u00e8ves. La loi obligeait les \u00c9tats \u00e0 fixer des normes et \u00e0 tester les \u00e9l\u00e8ves chaque ann\u00e9e en lecture et en math\u00e9matiques. Elle imposait \u00e9galement des sanctions aux \u00e9coles qui ne parvenaient pas \u00e0 r\u00e9aliser des progr\u00e8s annuels suffisants. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thebalancemoney.com\/bush-administration-economic-policies-3305556\">La loi a \u00e9t\u00e9 controvers\u00e9e en raison de ses tests \u00e0 enjeux \u00e9lev\u00e9s, de son manque de financement et de ses objectifs irr\u00e9alistes.<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thebalancemoney.com\/bush-administration-economic-policies-3305556\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><sup>1<\/sup><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov\/infocus\/bushrecord\/documents\/Policies_of_the_Bush_Administration.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><sup>2<\/sup><\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u00c9nergie et changement climatique<\/strong>:Il a soutenu le d\u00e9veloppement des sources d&#039;\u00e9nergie nationales, telles que le p\u00e9trole, le gaz naturel, le charbon et l&#039;\u00e9nergie nucl\u00e9aire. Il s&#039;est oppos\u00e9 au Protocole de Kyoto, un accord international visant \u00e0 r\u00e9duire les \u00e9missions de gaz \u00e0 effet de serre responsables du r\u00e9chauffement climatique. Il a \u00e9galement rejet\u00e9 les plafonds obligatoires sur les \u00e9missions de carbone et a favoris\u00e9 les mesures volontaires des industries. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thebalancemoney.com\/bush-administration-economic-policies-3305556\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Il a promu des sources d\u2019\u00e9nergie alternatives, telles que l\u2019\u00e9thanol, l\u2019hydrog\u00e8ne et l\u2019\u00e9nergie solaire, mais n\u2019a pas beaucoup investi dans la recherche et le d\u00e9veloppement.<sup>1<\/sup><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov\/infocus\/bushrecord\/documents\/Policies_of_the_Bush_Administration.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><sup>2<\/sup><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Political_positions_of_George_W._Bush\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><sup>3<\/sup><\/a>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Pour amplifier l\u2019information :<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thebalancemoney.com\/bush-administration-economic-policies-3305556\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><br>1. thebalancemoney.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov\/infocus\/bushrecord\/documents\/Policies_of_the_Bush_Administration.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">2. georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Political_positions_of_George_W._Bush\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">3. fr.wikipedia.org<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>George W. Bush served as the 43rd president of the United States from 2001 to 2009. He is the son of George H. W. Bush, the 41st president, and the brother of Jeb Bush, the former governor of Florida. He is a member of the Republican Party and a conservative leader. He is known for [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-407","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-presidents-of-united-states"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO Pro 4.9.8 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"George W. Bush served as the 43rd president of the United States from 2001 to 2009. 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